how to apply color to particular character of string component using css
You can’t, if they are in the same DOM element. You need to split up the content you want to style like this:
Label styledLabel=new Label();
styledLabel.setContentMode(ContentMode.HTML);
styledLabel.setValue("This label is otherwise normal, except for the <span>color</span>");
then you can use CSS to theme that particular part of the label:
.v-label-thatparticularlabel span {
color: green;
}